Published: Građevinar 78 (2026) 7
Paper type: Scientific research paper
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Study of the mechanical properties of desert sand basalt fiber concrete for hydraulic structures

In this study, basalt fibres and desert sand were mixed into concrete for hydraulic structures, and their impact on the mechanical characteristics and cost was investigated. The experiment was designed as an orthogonal test, where the water-cement ratio, fly ash replacement rate, desert sand replacement rate, and amount of basalt fibres were varied to assess the mechanical properties of desert sand basalt fibre concrete (DSBFC). The microstructure and physical phase composition of DSBFC were studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results suggest that the water-cement ratio and fly ash replacement rate are the primary factors influencing the mechanical properties of DSBFC, while basalt fibres effectively prevent concrete cracking. The DSBFC with optimum composition, designated as A1B2C2D2, comprised a water-cement ratio of 0.5, fly ash replacement ratio of 5 %, desert sand replacement ratio of 10 %, and basalt fibre amount of 0.5 kg/m³. Compared with regular concrete, DSBFC increased the compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength by 9.05 %, 2.72 %, and 21.60 %, respectively, and the cost of concrete per cubic meter decreased by 0.958 %.

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